論文翻譯
| 歐洲說話學習、講授、評量共同參考架構(CEF) 整體能力分級說明(Common Reference Levels: global scale) |
| Proficient User | C2 Mastery | Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can summarise information from different spoken and written sources 翻譯公司 reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. |
| C1 Effective Operational Proficiency | Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. Can express him/herself fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Can produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects 翻譯公司 showing controlled use of organisational patterns, connectors and cohesive devices. |
| Independent User | B2 Vantage | Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics 翻譯公司 including technical discussions in his/her field of specialisation. Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can produce clear 翻譯公司 detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options. |
| B1 Threshold | Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work 翻譯公司 school 翻譯公司 leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams 翻譯公司 hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. |
| Basic User | A2 Waystage | Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate need. |
| A1 Breakthrough | Can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. Can introduce him/herself and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, people he/she knows and things he/she has. Can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help. |
| 備註： | 一、 | 歐洲說話學習、教學、評量配合參考架構(Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment，簡稱CEF)係歐洲理事會(Council of Europe)於1996年公布，為一國際認定之說話能力分級參考標準 翻譯社 |
| | 2、 | 本表英文部份係摘錄自Council of Europe網站資料(網址：。-> 翻譯社|,-> 翻譯公司|的-> 翻譯http://www.coe.int)。 |
歐洲說話學習、講授、評量配合參考架構(CEF)
歐洲說話進修、講授、評量配合參考架構(CEF)
整體能力分級申明(Common Reference Levels: global scale)
以下文章來自: http://blog.sina.com.tw/oops/article.php?entryid=508387有關翻譯的問題歡迎諮詢萬國翻譯社
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