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The Lady of Shalott (1894) by John William Waterhouse

The original is in the City Art Gallery, Leeds

<<The Lady of Shalott>>
會選這個主題向人人分享
除故事深深感動我以外
做重要的是想為介紹維多利亞期間文藝作品做一個開端
有很多很精采的作品
因為台灣沒有翻譯的關係
一般讀者都不知道它的主要性
好的作品被湮沒
其實很可惜


為什麼說我願以一年的時候
讀夏洛特的淑女?
其實不只是要讀這首詩
更要讀遍相幹的作品及論說
像是那些繪畫
亞瑟王的故事
還有好多很多多少迷人的傳說
我想
<<The Lady of Shalott>>只是個引子
帶領我走向文學的路
只少我有了個方向
就從夏洛特淑女的真實成分
Elaine of Astolat入手下手
下一站
<<Idylls  of the King>>


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假如翻跟我有不異的打動:
ELAINE OF ASTOLAT / THE LADY OF SHALOTT

Tennyson's "The Lady of Shalott": An Overview

The Lady of Shalott in Art

<<The Lady of Shalott>>的光影感與色采濃烈
唯美主義畫家承襲拉斐爾前派影響
他們偏心以中世紀傳奇故事為題材
側重光影比較
主角多為英勇的騎士 癡情的貴婦
上演一個個不被祝福的宮庭戀愛
憂鬱但卻激情
除<<The Lady of Shalott>>
還有Keats(濟慈)的敘事歌謠<<La Belle Dame sans Merci>> (無情的妖女)
和莎士比亞悲劇Hamlet(哈姆雷特)中
因愛人殺了本身父親而發瘋的Ophelia(奧菲莉亞)
都是一個又一個戀愛悲劇
維多利亞時期道德規範嚴謹
這類為戀愛放棄一切的女子
滿足了男性的自我空想
於是成了誰人時代被稱譽美化的對象


以<<The Lady of Shalott>>為創作的藝術作品許多
John William Waterhouse除我放在文章開首那幅外
還有兩幅分別以不同場景描述夏洛特淑女

<< The Lady of Shalott >> 我願以一年的時候 讀妳

除藝術上以夏洛特淑女做為創作素材外
加拿大歌手Loreena McKennitt 
以丁尼生的原詩
創作了這首<<The Lady of Shalott>>
收錄在專輯<<The Visit>>裡
有著吟遊詩人嗓音的她
也許是最合適唱英詩改編歌曲的人吧
隨同著豎琴琴音
當她唱到最後一段
Lancelot mused a little space;
He said翻譯社 "She has a lovely face;
God in his mercy lend her grace翻譯社
The Lady of Shalott."
我為夏洛特淑女掉下眼淚


下面有兩個演唱版本
一個是現場演唱會版
可以看到Loreena McKennitt彈豎琴的模樣
而第二個版本是錄音版
歌詞比力完全
可是影片有可能會誤導大家
不外聲音是很美的

最先著手浏覽英國傳奇文學
於是接觸亞瑟王素材的 Arthurian Legend
第一個熟悉的是 The Mist of Avalon 
一個軟蘊的女聲訴說的動人故事
以女性角度詮釋佈滿男性主義的故事 


其實 Arthurian Romance 的範圍很廣
並且不同時期都有人以這個素材創作
非論是文學 藝術 仍是音樂
維多利亞時期的桂冠詩人丁尼生Alfred, Lord Tennyson 
以溫順的角度寫下十二段故事構成的敘事長詩<<Idylls of the King>>（國王農歌) 
與The Mists of Avalon有異曲同工之妙
一樣捨棄以男性人物為著重描述對象
其中更有五篇完完全全描述女性人物
為故事中有血有淚的女性發聲
詩篇第七段Lancelot and Elaine中
單戀圓桌軍人藍斯洛並為其殉情的女子伊蓮Elaine of Astolat 
其實就是丁尼生另一個典型維多利亞時期氣概敘事詩的主角 Lady of Shalott
這首美好的敘事詩就叫 <<The Lady of Shalott>>


與Idylls of the King中伊蓮的故事不太一樣
<<The Lady of Shalott>>有著濃濃的神話色彩
Lady of Shalott住在卡美洛宮庭上游的孤島
她遭到詛咒
假如面對真實的世界就會死去 
所以她只能藉著塔樓上從鏡子裡反應的光影看著外面的世界
她把看到的場景織成掛毯  邊織邊讴歌
一天
當圓桌騎士中最出色的藍斯洛（Lancelot）的身影在鏡子中泛起
Lady of Shalott愛上了藍斯洛
不再情願像以往那樣遠遠審察這個世界
她厭倦了只有暗影的世界
她回頭向窗外的活生生藍斯洛望去
鏡子碎了
她知道她的惡運已到來翻譯 


但她下定決心要去卡美洛找藍斯洛
她找來一條劃子 船身寫著本身的名字
把親手編織的豔麗掛毯鋪在船上
鬆開纜繩 躺了下來
唱著生射中最後的歌
任由劃子順流向下游的卡美洛
Lady of Shalott越接近所愛的人
越像死亡接近一步
直到生命沒入滅亡
她依然沒能在世到達卡美洛
終於
劃子載著冰涼的她達到卡美洛
卡美洛所有騎士議論紛纭
俊美而絕不知情的藍斯洛嘆道
"啊 她有一張美麗的臉
願上帝的同情給予她恩惠"
The Lady of Shalott


<<The Lady of Shalott>>


PartI


On either side the river lie
Long fields of barley and of rye,
That clothe the world and meet the sky;
And through the field the road runs by
To many-towered Camelot;
And up and down the people go,
Gazing where the lilies blow
Round an island there below,
The island of Shalott.


Willows whiten, aspens quiver翻譯社
Little breezes dusk and shiver
Through the wave that runs for ever
By the island in the river
Flowing down to Camelot.
Four grey walls, and four grey towers翻譯社
Overlook a space of flowers,
And the silent isle imbowers
The Lady of Shalott.


By the margin, willow-veiled,
Slide the heavy barges trailed
By slow horses; and unhailed
The shallop flitteth silken-sailed
Skimming down to Camelot:
But who hath seen her wave her hand?
Or at the casement seen her stand?
Or is she known in all the land,
The Lady of Shalott?


Only reapers, reaping early
In among the bearded barley翻譯社
Hear a song that echoes cheerly
From the river winding clearly,
Down to towered Camelot:
And by the moon the reaper weary翻譯社
Piling sheaves in uplands airy,
Listening, whispers "'Tis the fairy
Lady of Shalott."


Part II


There she weaves by night and day
A magic web with colours gay.
She has heard a whisper say,
A curse is on her if she stay
To look down to Camelot.
She knows not what the curse may be,
And so she weaveth steadily,
And little other care hath she,
The Lady of Shalott.


And moving through a mirror clear
That hangs before her all the year,
Shadows of the world appear.
There she sees the highway near
Winding down to Camelot:
There the river eddy whirls,
And there the surly village-churls翻譯社
And the red cloaks of market girls翻譯社
Pass onward from Shalott.


Sometimes a troop of damsels glad,
An abbot on an ambling pad翻譯社
Sometimes a curly shepherd-lad,
Or long-haired page in crimson clad,
Goes by to towered Camelot;
And sometimes through the mirror blue
The knights come riding two and two:
She hath no loyal knight and true,
The Lady of Shalott.


But in her web she still delights
To weave the mirror's magic sights,
For often through the silent nights
A funeral, with plumes and lights
And music, went to Camelot:
Or when the moon was overhead,
Came two young lovers lately wed;
"I am half sick of shadows翻譯社" said
The Lady of Shalott.


Part III


A bow-shot from her bower-eaves翻譯社
He rode between the barley-sheaves,
The sun came dazzling through the leaves,
And flamed upon the brazen greaves
Of bold Sir Lancelot.
A red-cross knight for ever kneeled
To a lady in his shield翻譯社
That sparkled on the yellow field,
Beside remote Shalott.


The gemmy bridle glittered free,
Like to some branch of stars we see
Hung in the golden Galaxy.
The bridle bells rang merrily
As he rode down to Camelot:
And from his blazoned baldric slung
A mighty silver bugle hung翻譯社
And as he rode his armour rung翻譯社
Beside remote Shalott.


All in the blue unclouded weather
Thick-jewelled shone the saddle-leather,
The helmet and the helmet-feather
Burned like one burning flame together,
As he rode down to Camelot.
As often through the purple night,
Below the starry clusters bright,
Some bearded meteor, trailing light,
Moves over still Shalott.


His broad clear brow in sunlight glowed;
On burnished hooves his war-horse trode;
From underneath his helmet flowed
His coal-black curls as on he rode,
As he rode down to Camelot.
From the bank and from the river
He flashed into the crystal mirror,
"Tirra lirra翻譯社" by the river
Sang Sir Lancelot.


She left the web翻譯社 she left the loom翻譯社
She made three paces through the room,
She saw the water-lily bloom,
She saw the helmet and the plume,
She looked down to Camelot.
Out flew the web and floated wide;
The mirror cracked from side to side;
"The curse is come upon me翻譯社" cried
The Lady of Shalott.


Part IV


In the stormy east-wind straining,
The pale yellow woods were waning,
The broad stream in his banks complaining,
Heavily the low sky raining
Over towered Camelot;
Down she came and found a boat
Beneath a willow left afloat,
And round about the prow she wrote
The Lady of Shalott.


And down the river's dim expanse,
Like some bold seer in a trance
Seeing all his own mischance,
With a glassy countenance
Did she look to Camelot.
And at the closing of the day
She loosed the chain翻譯社 and down she lay;
The broad stream bore her far away,
The Lady of Shalott.


Lying翻譯社 robed in snowy white
That loosely flew to left and right -
The leaves upon her falling light -
Through the noises of the night
She floated down to Camelot:
And as the boat-head wound along
The willowy hills and fields among翻譯社
They heard her singing her last song,
The Lady of Shalott.


Heard a carol翻譯社 mournful翻譯社 holy,
Chanted loudly, chanted lowly,
Till her blood was frozen slowly,
And her eyes were darkened wholly,
Turned to towered Camelot.
For ere she reached upon the tide
The first house by the water-side,
Singing in her song she died,
The Lady of Shalott.


Under tower and balcony,
By garden-wall and gallery,
A gleaming shape she floated by翻譯社
Dead-pale between the houses high翻譯社
Silent into Camelot.
Out upon the wharfs they came,
Knight and burgher, lord and dame,
And round the prow they read her name,
The Lady of Shalott.


Who is this? and what is here?
And in the lighted palace near
Died the sound of royal cheer;
And they crossed themselves for fear,
All the knights at Camelot:
But Lancelot mused a little space;
He said翻譯社 "She has a lovely face;
God in his mercy lend her grace,
The Lady of Shalott."



好美的故事
故事的終局使人潸然淚下
夏洛特淑女為了追逐愛情
捨棄生命只為換得迷人的藍斯洛一瞥
而畢竟終究
藍斯洛不理解她為愛犧牲的心
只淡淡的說了一句"她有一張秀麗的臉"
有人說丁尼生寫下如許的詩
是為了表達維多利亞期間對科學的狂熱及對藝術的不尊敬
沒有人瞭解藝術
認為藝術是無用的
不能帶給人們任何好處與提高
正如同沒人查感覺到Lady of Shallot的存在一樣
"But who hath seen her wave her hand?
Or at the casement seen her stand? 
Or is she known in all the land, 
The Lady of Shalott?"
鏡子及掛毯是藝術
Lady of Shalott像是藝術家自己
當藝術家試圖轉向這個世界
發現他沒法在這個物資的世界裡保存
最後藝術家只能孤單的漂在河道上
懷著一身才調抑鬱而終
有人看到了或許只會讚嘆她表面的美貌
而曆來不知道她斑斓外表下
那顆盼望被認同 被認識的心

the original hangs in the Art Gallery of Ontario翻譯社 Toronto